General methodological aspects in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey.

This article aims to present general methodological aspects of the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), from the conception of the study design to details of the data collection. This is a household-based population survey with a sample calculated at 15,000 households to identify children under five years of age, conducted in 123 municipalities in Brazil's 26 states and the Federal District. ENANI-2019 includes data on breastfeeding and dietary intake; anthropometric nutritional status of all children and their biological mothers; and nutritional status concerning the following micronutrients: iron (hemoglobin and ferritin), zinc, selenium, and vitamins A, B1, B6, B12, D, E, and folic acid of children from 6 to 59 months of age. A total of 193,212 households were visited, of which 19,951 were eligible, and 12,524 were included in the study. A total of 14,558 children were studied, of whom 13,990 (96.1%) and 13,921 (95.6%) had their body mass and length/stature measured, respectively, and 14,541 (99.9%) underwent 24-hour dietary recalls (24HR). Of the 12,598 children eligible for blood sample collection, 8,739 (69.3%) had at least one laboratory parameter measured. Data were collected from February 2019 to March 2020, when the survey was interrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The evidence produced by the ENANI-2019 survey can back the formulation, follow-up, and/or reorientation of food and nutrition policies such as the promotion of breastfeeding and healthy eating and the prevention and control of different forms of malnutrition.

ELSI-COVID-19 initiative: methodology of the telephone survey on coronavirus in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging.

The COVID-19 pandemic (caused by the SARS-CoV-2) is a public health emergency of international concern that particularly affects older people. Brazil is one of the countries most affected by the pandemic, ranking second with the highest number of confirmed cases and deaths worldwide as of mid-June 2020. The ELSI-COVID-19 initiative is based on telephone interviews with participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), conducted on a nationally representative sample of the population aged 50 or older. This initiative aims to provide information on adherence to preventive measures (social distancing, wearing masks, and handwashing/hygiene); reasons for leaving the house, when that was the case; difficulties obtaining medications, medical diagnosis of COVID-19, and receipt of confirmatory results; use of health-care services (recent care-seeking, care-seeking location, care receipt, among other aspects); and mental health (sleep, depression, and loneliness). The first round of telephone interviews was conducted between May 26 and June 8, 2020. The second and third rounds are expected to occur within the coming months. This article presents this initiative methodology and some sociodemographic characteristics of the 6,149 participants in the survey first round, relative the Brazilian population within the same age group.

ELSI-COVID-19 initiative: methodology of the telephone survey on coronavirus in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging

The COVID-19 pandemic (caused by the SARS-CoV-2) is a public health emergency of international concern that particularly affects older people. Brazil is one of the countries most affected by the pandemic, ranking second with the highest number of confirmed cases and deaths worldwide as of mid-June 2020. The ELSI-COVID-19 initiative is based on telephone interviews with participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), conducted on a nationally representative sample of the population aged 50 or older. This initiative aims to provide information on adherence to preventive measures (social distancing, wearing masks, and handwashing/hygiene);reasons for leaving the house, when that was the case;difficulties obtaining medications, medical diagnosis of COVID-19, and receipt of confirmatory results;use of health-care services (recent care-seeking, care-seeking location, care receipt, among other aspects);and mental health (sleep, depression, and loneliness). The first round of telephone interviews was conducted between May 26 and June 8, 2020. The second and third rounds are expected to occur within the coming months. This article presents this initiative methodology and some sociodemographic characteristics of the 6,149 participants in the survey first round, relative the Brazilian population within the same age group. La pandemia de COVID-19, causada por el SARS-CoV-2, es una emergencia pública global, que particularmente afecta a las personas mayores. Brasil es uno de los países más perjudicados por la pandemia, ocupando el segundo puesto en el mundo, en cuanto al número de casos confirmados y muertes hasta mediados de junio 2020. La iniciativa ELSI-COVID-19 está basada en entrevistas telefónicas de participantes en el Estudio Brasileño Longitudinal del Envejecimiento (ELSI-Brasil), realizado en una muestra nacional representativa de población con 50 años o más. Los objetivos principales de esta iniciativa son: producir información sobre la adherencia a las medidas preventivas (distanciemento social, llevar máscarillas faciales, y lavado de manos/higiene);así como las razones, cuando fuera el caso, para dejar el hogar, dificultades para conseguir medicación, diagnóstico médico de COVID-19 y recepción de test confirmatorios, uso de servicios de salud (búsqueda de cuidado recientemente, localización de la búsqueda de cuidado y recepción del mismo, entre otros aspectos);al igual que sobre salud mental (sueño, depresión y soledad). La primera ronda de entrevistas por teléfono se realizó entre el 26 de mayo y el 8 de junio de 2020. La segunda y tercera ronda de entrevistas se planificaron para que tuvieran lugar en los meses posteriores. Aquí, presentamos la metodología de esta iniciativa y algunas características sociodemográficas de los 6.149 participantes en la primera ronda de la encuesta, respecto a quienes dentro de la población brasileña estaban en el mismo rango de edad. A pandemia COVID-19 (causada pelo SARS-CoV-2) é uma emergência global de saúde pública, que afeta principalmente os mais velhos. O Brasil é um dos países mais impactados pela pandemia, ocupando o segundo lugar no mundo em número de casos confirmados e mortes em meados de junho de 2020. A iniciativa ELSI-COVID-19 é baseada em entrevistas telefônicas com participantes do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde dos Idosos Brasileiros (ELSI-Brasil), realizado em amostra nacionalmente representativa da população com 50 anos ou mais. Os principais objetivos dessa iniciativa são produzir informação sobre a adesão às medidas preventivas (distanciamento social, uso de máscara facial e lavagem das mãos/higiene), motivos para sair de casa quando foi o caso, dificuldades na obtenção de medicamentos, diagnóstico médico de COVID-19 e recebimento de exames confirmatórios, utilização de serviços de saúde (procura recente por atendimento, local da procura e recebimento da atenção, entre outros aspectos) e saúde mental (sono, depressão e solidão). A primeira rodada de entrevistas por telefone foi realizada entre 26 de maio e 8 de junho de 2020. A segunda e a terceira rodadas de entrevistas estão planejadas para ocorrer nos próximos meses. Aqui, apresentamos a metodologia dessa iniciativa e algumas características sociodemográficas dos 6.149 participantes da primeira rodada da pesquisa em relação à população brasileira da mesma faixa etária.